To My Daughter on Her Marriage Into the Yang Family
- Poetry of Wei Yingwu
My heart has been heavy all day long
Because you have so far to go.
The marriage of a girl, away from her parents,
Is the launching of a little boat on a great river.
...You were very young when your mother died,
Which made me the more tender of you.
Your elder sister has looked out for you,
And now you are both crying and cannot part.
This makes my grief the harder to bear;
Yet it is right that you should go.
...Having had from childhood no mother to guide you,
How will you honour your mother-in-law?
It's an excellent family; they will be kind to you,
They will forgive you your mistakes --
Although ours has been so pure and poor
That you can take them no great dowry.
Be gentle and respectful, as a woman should be,
Careful of word and look, observant of good example.
...After this morning we separate,
There's no knowing for how long....
I always try to hide my feelings --
They are suddenly too much for me,
When I turn and see my younger daughter
With the tears running down her cheek.
Five-character-ancient-verse
Composed after Wei Yingwu lost his wife in middle age, this poem captures the moment of his eldest daughter's departure for marriage. Having raised his children alone after his wife's early passing, the poet developed an exceptionally deep bond with his daughters. Now, as his firstborn prepares to leave for a distant home, his heart overflows with reluctance and concern. The verses express not only a father's parting sorrow but also earnest admonitions and unspoken worries about her future married life. This profoundly moving work, considered one of Chinese literature's most touching marriage send-off poems, authentically portrays a father's complex emotions during his daughter's wedding.
永日方戚戚，出行复悠悠。
女子今有行，大江溯轻舟。
尔辈苦无恃，抚念益慈柔。
幼为长所育，两别泣不休。
对此结中肠，义往难复留。
自小阙内训，事姑贻我忧。
赖兹托令门，任恤庶无尤。
贫俭诚所尚，资从岂待周。
孝恭遵妇道，容止顺其猷。
别离在今晨，见尔当何秋。
居闲始自遣，临感忽难收。
归来视幼女，零泪缘缨流。
- Why Chinese poems is so special?
- The most distinctive features of Chinese poetry are: concision- many poems are only four lines, and few are much longer than eight; ambiguity- number, tense and parts of speech are often undetermined, creating particularly rich interpretative possibilities; and structure- most poems follow quite strict formal patterns which have beauty in themselves as well as highlighting meaningful contrasts.
- How to read a Chinese poem?
- Like an English poem, but more so. Everything is there for a reason, so try to find that reason. Think about all the possible connotations, and be aware of the different possibilities of number and tense. Look for contrasts: within lines, between the lines of each couplet and between successive couplets. Above all, don't worry about what the poet meant- find your meaning.