Yan Shu

Yan Shu

晏殊

Yan Shu (晏殊, 991–1055), courtesy name Tongshu, was a monumental figure in the Northern Song Dynasty, serving as a high-ranking Chancellor for decades during a period of relative peace and prosperity. Often called the "Founding Father of Song Ci," he transformed the song-poem into a medium of high intellectual and aesthetic value, moving it away from the more colloquial styles of the past toward a more refined, courtly elegance known as the Xuanhe Style (宣和体).

As a poet, Yan Shu’s work is characterized by a unique philosophical serenity. Despite his immense political power, his verses rarely touch on courtly struggles, focusing instead on the subtle melancholy of the changing seasons and the quiet transience of life. His most iconic couplet—"Flowers fall, one cannot help it; Swallows return, they seem like old friends"—epitomizes his worldview: a calm acceptance of the inevitable cycles of existence. His poetry radiates a Vibe of Tranquil Elegance, possessing a polished, jewel-like clarity that avoids excessive sentimentality while maintaining a deep, resonant soul.

At CN-Poetry, we explore the majestic and reflective voice of Yan Shu through authoritative English translations. Experience the "Vibe" of a master who captured the essence of a Golden Age—where the wisdom of a statesman met the heart of a poet. Discover the enduring legacy of the Chancellor of Lyrics within our digital archives.

#PrimeMinisterPoet#XuanheStyle#MasterOfElegance

Representative Works

On the pavilion ( 浣溪沙 · 一曲新詞酒一杯 )

Yan Shu(991-1055)passed the civil service examinations in his early teens and became prime minister under the reign of Em…

On the pavilion,same day,same weather,

you'd left me without sound,now afterglow floated,

i wrote a new song,prepared a grape wine.

Nothing could return like those fallen flowers,

it seemed that i saw you in this cherry field.

wandered my soul with the wind in singing of pink petals.

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Joy of Hearing orioles: Flowers Are Endless​​ ( 喜迁莺 · 花不尽 )

This lyric was composed during the mid-Northern Song Dynasty when Yan Shu held high office. Renowned for his literary tal…

Flowers are endless, willows beyond count;

They share my feelings, I dare vow.

Drain a boat-shaped cup of wine at one draught!

Where can we not meet somehow?


Red strings are mute,

Few are the connoisseurs.

If Heaven had a heart, it would turn old.

Look at the fame-and-gain world, I’m told:

A dream both past and present, dim and cold.

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Song of Breaking Array: When Swallows Are Ready to Go​​ ( 破阵子 · 燕子欲归时节 )

This lyric was composed during Yan Shu's later years in the mid-Northern Song Dynasty. Though having attained high office…

When swallows are ready to go,

Last night the west wind blew on the tower high.

We’ve managed to meet on earth below,

And drink by chrysanthemums with cup of gold.

Long songs we sing with faces rosy and bold.


The setting sun peeps through the screen;

A light chill penetrates plane trees green.

How many feelings can’t be told

Are written in the song on paper fine.

This feeling weighs thousands of tons in my mind.

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Song of Water Clock: Snow-Cloaked Mume Blossoms ( 更漏子 · 雪藏梅 )

Yan Shu, known for his gentle refinement, crafted lyrics distinguished by their elegant grace, particularly excelling in …

Snow veils mume blooms, mist clings to willow boughs,

Spring’s first whispers stir the air.

Wild geese depart, orioles yet unseen—

Emerald pools ripple without a care.


We pluck flowers, keep guests drunk with wine,

Reliving last year’s tender cheer.

Golden cups brim, incense curls from jade,

While the crimson sun lingers, slow and dear.

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Telling Innermost Feeling: East Wind and Willows Turning Green ( 诉衷情 · 东风杨柳欲青青 )

This lyric was composed during the early Northern Song Dynasty when Yan Shu, already a prominent statesman, stood at the …

The east wind blows willow trees green;

Light mist parts after rain, the sky’s serene.

Annoyed by her sweet sleep in fragrant bower,

The orioles warble at the morning hour.


Her eyebrows fine,

Her waist like a vine,

She wears last night’s attire.

Spring’s sweet desire,

The breeze of March so warm,

All waken love’s alarm.

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Tune to Arrays Breaking ( 破阵子·春景 )

By Yan Shu

When swallows come, Spring Rites hail.

As pear blooms fade, Pure Brights wail.

The pool grows mosses tinged green.

The leaves hide orioles that keen.

Days longer, catkins soft flying. 


Smiling east vill girls greeting

on th’ mulberry picking way.

A nice dream they had last night?

They won th’ “Name Herbs” game today!

Smiles on the cheeks growing just bright.

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Lyrics to the Melody of Butterflies Chasing Flowers ( 蝶恋花·六曲阑干偎碧树 )

By Yan Shu

Next to groves of trees wind labyrinthine balustrades,

In the breeze willows their golden strands spread.

Who can tune up the strings along the jadeite zither neck?

Off flit a pair of petrels through the drapes.


Before my eyes catkins fall and willow sprigs sway,

Apricot trees blooming red and a spell of drizzle the vernal equinox manifest.

From a deep slumber I wake as orioles tweets and chirps make,

Startling and shattering sweet dreams that I know not where to locate.

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Lyrics to a Melody of Walking on Grass ( 踏莎行·碧海无波 )

This lyric was composed in 1027 during Yan Shu's political exile. Having opposed the powerful minister Zhang Qi's promoti…

On the sea aquamarine with no billows there is a path to the celestial terrace,

We should be able to there fly towards as a pair if our hearts so wish.

Once I left behind rashly the object of my affections,

Now being mountains and waters apart I know not where she is.


A dusty, delicately woven mat remains in the bed chamber lightly veiled by mist,

On whom could I rely to bring you a crimson note in small script?

On a tall building I look into the distance and see the day drawing to a close,

As a whistling drizzle rustles the leafage of phoenix trees.

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Lyrics to the Melody of Walking on Grass ( 踏莎行·小径红稀 )

By Yan Shu

Along the path flowers are thinning, the countryside is fields of green,

Next to raised buildings becoming thick is the foliage dense with leaves.

Vernal breezes know not how to catkins restrain,

Allowing them to scatter on faces of passers-by like misty mizzle.


Behind verdant leaves orioles hide, swallows rest outside crimson screens,

Over the incense burner curls of smoke one another quietly seek.

After I have slept off intoxication in a melancholy dream,

The private court has come well under sunset's gleams.

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Lyrics to the Melody of Walking on Grass ( 踏莎行·祖席离歌 )

By Yan Shu

A farewell song was sung, on a gallery a parting banquet took place,

As I looked back, dust with a flowery air had already us separated.

Among the woods she stood, her horse neighed,

Off I rowed following the turn of waves.


Depressed is my soul in an ornate pavilion up on high, still severed is my gaze.

There is only sunset sending off ripples far and away.

Perpetual and pervasive without end is my parting sorrow,

As expansive as the sky and the earth is my yearning that pervades.

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Magnolia Lyrics ( 木兰花·池塘水绿风微暖 )

By Yan Shu

The pond water is green and the breeze light and genial,

They remind me of the first time I saw her face.

Her singing of the Repetition was like the ringing of jade,

Her dance to the Cleaving symphony whirled petals around her waist.


Outside the raised delicate curtains, below the balustrade by the stairs,

Drunk I am, unaware that the sun has set and the time is late.

Of those that I admired the blossoms with,

Only fewer than half still alive remain.

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Lyrics to the Joy of Peace and Tranquillity ( 清平乐·金风细细 )

By Yan Shu

Autumnal winds soughingly sough,

Leaf by leaf phoenix trees its foliage drop.

A light savour of fermented barely wine can easily intoxicate,

Resting my head by a window I fall into a deep slumber.


Purple rosebushes and red roses of Sharon shrivel and wilt,

The setting sun on balustrades shines still.

The season has come for paired swallows to make their return,

Last night behind the silvery screen I felt a slight chill.

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Dance of the Cavalry ( 破阵子·燕子来时新社 )

This poem depicts in the first stanza the spring days when country folk worshipped local gods and mourned for their ances…

When swallows come,we worship gods of spring;

Then flowers fall,we mourn for the dear dead.

We hear,amid the leaves,the orioles sing;

Beside the pool we see the green moss spread.

The willow catkins fly as the day's lengthening.


My neighbour's daughter and her friends are sweet,

Mulberry leaves to gather now they meet.

Last night,she wonders,why such happy dreams?

They foretell that she wins the game of grass,it seems.

A sparkling smile upon her fair face beams.

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On the path grass grows ( 玉楼春 )

Yan Shu’s Yu Lou Chun (玉楼春·绿杨芳草长亭路)—a definitive pillar of early Northern Song Dynasty courtly and romantic p…

On the path grass grows,you dump me

under the green poplar tree.

The sound of bells in temple awakens my dream,

my yearning to you is like this rain in March.


People never know how sad i am

unless they truly fall in love with someone.

The world always has a end i can reach,

but your sweet smiles in my dreams i just can't touch.

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In the morning orchid weeps ( 蝶恋花 )

By Yan Shu

In the morning orchid weeps in the fence,

dewy weather,i wear the shirt to walk on the forest.

Sparrows fly away.

The moonshine doesn't know my sorrow,

just shines on my courtyard,yellow as her hairs.


Last night blue daisies faded in the west wind,

blue rain,i ascended the attic to see if she comes here?

Sparrows quietly stayed.

I tried to sent my love letter to that girl,

but i just don't know where she's meandering.

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Love letter ( 清平乐·红笺小字 )

Yan Shu’s Qing Ping Le (清平乐·红笺小字)—a monumental exploration of communication failure and emotional containment in…

I write my love letter on the red silk,

try to tell how i'm enamored by you.

Wild geese in the sky,golden fish in water,

who could help me to send my whisper?


Under the sunset lean on the western attic,

the hills which embrace the stream are so blue.

I have no idea where you are now,

just listen to the streamwater quietly flows.

Read Translation & Analysis →
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