Jia Dao

Jia Dao

贾岛

Jia Dao (贾岛, 779–843), courtesy name Langxian, was a profoundly unique and disciplined poet of the Tang Dynasty, universally revered as the supreme master of Bitter Cultivation (苦吟). Having spent his early years as a penniless Buddhist monk under the dharma name Wuben, he was later discovered by Han Yu, who persuaded him to return to secular life and pursue literature—a transition that left him straddling the worlds of ascetic detachment and deep earthly yearning.

Jia Dao's creative process was legendary for its agonizing dedication to microscopic precision, famously giving birth to the timeless cultural concept of "Tui Qiao" (推敲 - Pushing or Knocking), a term that remains the gold standard for literary editing today. His poetry intentionally rejects grand, sweeping gestures, focusing instead on lean, sharp, and hauntingly quiet imagery—such as isolated mountain temples, falling autumn leaves, cold stone steps, and elusive hermits. His body of work radiates a distinct Vibe of Ascetic Melancholy, capturing the bittersweet beauty of intellectual solitude and poetic devotion.

At CN-Poetry, we bring the minimalist, masterfully calibrated, and deeply reflective voice of Jia Dao to global readers through precise English translations. Experience the quiet power of a poet who famously spent three years crafting a single couplet, distilling the vastness of human emotion into a few immaculate characters. Explore his enduring, craftsman-like legacy within our Digital Archives of Tang Masters.

Representative Works

A Note Left for an Absent Ecluse ( 寻隐者不遇 )

Jia Dao's Xun Yin Zhe Bu Yu (寻隐者不遇) is a five-character quatrain (jueju) written during the poet's later years as a …

When I questioned your pupil, under a pine-tree,

"My teacher," he answered, " went for herbs,

But toward which corner of the mountain,

How can I tell, through all these clouds ?"

Poem translator: Kiang Kanghu

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Evening View of a Snow Scene ( 雪晴晚望 )

This poem was composed by the Tang Dynasty poet Jia Dao, most likely during his period of hardship while living in Chang'…

Cane in hand, I gaze on fine snow;

Cloud on cloud spreads over the creek.

To snow-covered cots woodmen go;

The sun sets on the frowning peak.

In the wildfire bums the grass dried;

Mid rocks and pines smoke and mist rise.

Back to the temple by the hillside,

I hear bells ring in evening skies.

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At Li Ning’s Quiet Dwelling ( 题李凝幽居 )

This poem was composed by the Tang Dynasty poet Jia Dao, likely during his period of hardship in Chang'an after returning…

A quiet house, with scarcely a neighbor near;

A path through grasses to a garden left to sere.

Birds in the trees beside the pool are now at rest;

A monk knocks at the door, under the moon’s pale crest.

I cross the little bridge — the land’s wide hue I share;

I move a stone — the very roots of clouds stir there.

I go, but I shall come again. This be our vow,

Kept in the heart’s deep silence, as I leave you now.

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After Finishing a Poem ( 题诗后 )

This is a five-character quatrain composed by Jia Dao, a poet of the Tang Dynasty. The first two lines depict the arduous…

Those two lines cost me three years:

I chant them once and get two more, of tears.

Friend, if you don't like them…

I'll go home, and lie down,

in the ancient mountain autumn.

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The Swordsman ( 剑客 / 述剑 )

Jia Dao's Jian Ke (剑客)—also known as Shu Jian (述剑)—is a five-character quatrain (jueju) written after the poet fail…

For ten long years, a sword I whetted,  

Its frosty blade, as yet, untried.

Today, I hold it unsheathed before you;

Of you, to whom was justice denied?

Translator:Xu Yuan-chong (许渊冲)

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