Bai Juyi
Bai Juyi

Bai Juyi (also Bo Juyi Chinese: 白居易; 772–846), courtesy name Letian (Chinese: 樂天), was a renowned Chinese poet and Tang dynasty government official. Many of his poems concern his career or observations made about everyday life, including as governor of three different provinces. He achieved fame as a writer of verse in a low-key, near vernacular style that was popular throughout medieval East Asia. Besides his surviving poems, several letters and essays are also extant. Among his most famous works are the long narrative poems "Chang Hen Ge" ("Song of Everlasting Sorrow"), which tells the story of Yang Guifei, and "Pipa xing" ("Song of the Pipa").

Bai Juyi Famous Poems

  • ○ Grasses (赋得古原草送别)
    "Five-character-regular-verseThe story of perseverance shines through this particular poem. Each winter, it withers, but each spring, it grows back in stronger force than before, growing to such an extent that it fills the entire plain. Bai J…"
  • ○ Yiai Temple (遗爱寺)
    "This poem was written between 815 and 818 AD, during the Yuanhe reign of Emperor Xianzong, a period when Bai Juyi served in the demoted post of Marshal of Jiangzhou. This demotion was a major setback in the poet's political career. However, …"
  • ○ Early Spring (早春)
    "The precise date of this short poem's composition is difficult to determine, but its profound insight into life's rhythms and its tranquil contemplation of personal aging mark it as a work from Bai Juyi's middle or later years, composed afte…"
  • ○ The Zither ()
    "Throughout his life, Bai Juyi loved, understood, and excelled at the art of the qin (lute), frequently referencing the instrument and music in his poetry and prose. Though brief, this poem is rich in Zen spirit and philosophy, revealing the …"
  • ○ On Qiantang Lake in Spring (钱塘湖春行)
    "This poem was composed by the Tang Dynasty poet Bai Juyi during his visit to West Lake in Hangzhou, depicting the beauty of early spring there. Bai Juyi once served as the governor of Hangzhou, and the emotions in this poem reflect his deep …"
  • ○ Spring View in Hangzhou (杭州春望)
    "This poem depicts the beautiful spring scenery of Hangzhou, blending the natural landscape of West Lake, local customs, and historical sites into a vibrant and poetic picture of Jiangnan in spring. The poet uses the word "gaze" thr…"
  • ○ Song of Willow Branch (杨柳枝词)
    "This poem was written during the late Tang dynasty, a time when factional struggles were intense, and many talented individuals were often sidelined or forgotten. Although Bai Juyi had once been an official in the imperial court, political r…"
  • ○ The Last Look at the Peonies at Night (惜牡丹花 · 其一)
    "Bai Juyi is known for his delicate emotions and accessible language. His poetry not only depicts reality but also conveys his reflections on life. This poem, Regret for the Peony Flowers, is one of his later works, written during his retirem…"
  • ○ Reading Yuan Zhen's Poems in a Boat (舟中读元九诗)
    "This poem was written in September 815 during Bai Juyi’s journey to assume his post as a Sima in Jiangzhou. Amidst political setbacks and personal struggles, Bai Juyi found solace in reading his close friend Yuan Zhen's poetry. Through the …"
  • "This poem was written on the Winter Solstice night of the year 804 (the 20th year of Emperor Dezong’s Zhenyuan reign in the Tang Dynasty). Bai Juyi was 33 years old at the time, serving as a junior compiler in the Secretariat. On this day, …"
  • ○ For Roaming Yuan Zhen (望驿台)
    "This poem was written in March of 809 (the 4th year of the Yuanhe era), when Bai Juyi responded to his friend Yuan Zhen. At that time, Yuan Zhen, as a censor, was on a mission in Guangyuan, Sichuan. Taking this opportunity, Bai Juyi wrote th…"
  • ○ The White-haired Palace Maid (上阳白发人)
    ""The White-haired Palace Maid" is one of Bai Juyi's long narrative poems, depicting the tragic life of an aging palace maid in Shangyang Palace. Written during Bai Juyi's exile in Jiangzhou, the poem reflects his sympathy for the w…"
  • "During the mid-Tang period, eunuchs wielded immense power, controlling state affairs and even manipulating imperial succession. As a Left Remonstrator, Bai Juyi was highly politically aware. This poem, composed in 809 during the fourth year …"
  • ○ Buying Flowers (买花)
    "The poem "Buying Flowers" is the tenth piece in Bai Juyi's collection Qinzhong Yin, written around 810 during the reign of Emperor Xianzong of Tang. This series of poems reflects Bai Juyi's profound observations of social injustice…"
  • ○ The Old-Charcoal-Seller (卖炭翁)
    ""The Old Charcoal Seller" is the thirty-second poem in Bai Juyi’s New Music Palace series. Through the hardships of the charcoal seller, the poem reveals the brutal "palace market" system of the time. The "palace ma…"
  • ○ Drinking Together with Liu Yuxi (与梦得沽酒闲饮且约后期)
    "In the second year of Emperor Wenzong’s Kaicheng era (837), Bai Juyi and Liu Yuxi both held official positions in Luoyang. However, their roles were insignificant, and they faced political neglect. Nearing seventy, with no further hopes for…"
  • ○ White Cloud Springs (白云泉)
    "It is 826 and Bai Juyi is getting tired of being the governor of Hangzhou. He has recently broken a leg in a fall from a horse. He is about to retire, briefly. Having moved up in the world, life is expensive and none of his early retirements…"
  • ○ For Master Tao Guang (寄韬光禅师)
    "Bai sent his collected works into three Buddhist temples for safekeeping and would not be above flattering a temple to ensure literary immortality. Maybe that is what this is. He did study Buddhism with monks at least three times in his life…"
  • ○ Village Night (村夜)
    "Bai Juyi is the first Chan poet. And as "The God of Poetry," he is the measure of all Zen poetry. He stands, fully aware, in the middle of his poetry. His individuality is always there, as it should be. Bai Juyi shows us there is a…"
  • ○ On Reading Zhang Ji's Old Lyric Poems (读张籍古乐府)
    "It was written in 815, when the poet was 43. It shows him standing up for his ideals in spite of all that he has gone through. It shows us what he still cares about. And whtat he thinks about poets, their fate, and the fate of their work. He…"
  • ○ Year's End (岁暮)
    "By Bai Juyi"
  • "By Bai Juyi"
  • ○ New Year's Eve (除夜)
    "By Bai Juyi"
  • ○ Watching the Reapers (观刈麦)
    "By Bai Juyi"
  • ○ The Bamboo by the Window (题李次云窗竹)
    "By Bai Juyi"
  • "Seven-character-regular-verseThis poem was written between the autumn of 799 and the spring of 800. During this time, Bai Juyi was living through a period of war and turmoil. The phrase "河南经乱" refers to the turmoil in Henan, wh…"
  • ○ The Tong Tree at Yunju Temple (云居寺孤桐)
    "By Bai Juyi"
  • ○ Fish in a Gully (涧中鱼)
    "By Bai Juyi"
  • ○ Wang Zhaojun (王昭君)
    "By Bai Juyi"
  • "By Bai Juyi"
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